Overexertion injuries are the single largest classification of injury in construction. Overexertion results in the types of injuries that most commonly involve days away from work. By implementing simple work practices, many overexertion injuries can be prevented.

Overexertion injuries are caused by tearing or stretching of tendon, ligaments or muscles when loads lifted, carried, pushed, pulled or otherwise handled exceed the limits of the joint system doing the work. One important way to prevent injuries from overexertion is to train workers on when to use a mechanical assist or to get help from another worker. They should be instructed not to try to move or lift an object they can't safely handle. When in doubt, they should break down the load into smaller parts.

If workers can't break a load down, they should be advised to use mechanical assists such as hand trucks, drywall lifts, forklifts or carts. But, they should ensure that the hand truck, wheel barrel or other moving equipment is in good operating condition. The work saving device may put more strain on the body if it's overloaded or doesn't work properly. If the wheels on a cart are not aligned, they could strain their back, arms or shoulders trying to move it. When no mechanical assists are available, workers should ask for help from other workers.

Another overexertion preventative measure is to encourage workers to practice good housekeeping on the worksite. Good housekeeping means that building materials are kept in order to maintain clear pathways for easily transporting loads. It means stacking lumber to allow proper lifting from above the knees and below the shoulders.

Workers can help protect themselves from overexertion strains, fatigue, and injury by taking care of their body, eating well, exercising, and getting proper rest. Stretching before work activities and during the day increases flexibility. If the muscles or ligaments have weakened over time from lack of exercise or age, workers are more susceptible to overexertion than if they're physically fit.

Overexertion can result in physical fatigue, a reduction in work efficiency and a decrease in the speed and quality of work. Preventing overexertion injuries is a lot easier than correcting them. Teach workers to take care of themselves both on and off the job and train them in proper work practices.

Courtesy of State Compensation Insurance Fund. For further information or additional articles, please visit www.scif.com.